Windows
I mostly do code development in Linux, but I'll run through some Windows examples here.
Security Changes
There was a change made to the way security works a few versions of GitHub back. I do not want to get into SSH keys, Tokens etc. for now. When you are installing GitHub, install Credentials Manager, it is one of the final options. When you are authenticating to a repo, this will prompt you for credentials via the web browser. Make a mental note: down the line, you will be using SSH keys for most of your sync with GitHub, but there is only so much we can pack in for now.